# DroneNaksha User Manual

DroneNaksha is a SaaS (Software as Service) from the AeroMegh platform for various photogrammetry solutions.

<mark style="color:blue;">**DroneNaksha**</mark> is designed with the thought of delivering one of its kind, drone survey, and mapping experience. It is a SaaS (Software as Service) from the AeroMegh platform for various photogrammetry solutions. Uploaded geotagged images can be easily transformed into orthomosaic images by using the solutions provided by DroneNaksha. Along with orthomosaic, DroneNaksha also generates other data types like Digital Surface Model (DSM), Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and Vegetation Index using various photogrammetry algorithms.

Find the step by step details of the software through this user manual.


# 1. Introduction

<mark style="color:blue;">DroneNaksha</mark> provides ease and comfort to the users. The users have to follow the following steps to get the best results within the shortest period of time with very good efficiency.

1. <img src="/files/EINVjZLRQbwShu6YHUET" alt="" data-size="line"> Upload the geotagged images from your local computer.
2. <img src="/files/m8kwBqG3JpKDnM0Z6v8z" alt="" data-size="line">  Add GCP to the uploaded image.
3. <img src="/files/N6mwOt6Uy1qHBWlv90M6" alt="" data-size="line">  Process the image and get the notifications accordingly. The user has to click on the "Process" button. Everything will be taken care of by the DroneNaksha software.&#x20;
4. <img src="/files/yeC3QF2uDNsZkshLqqAp" alt="" data-size="line">  Download the reports generated from the processing of the images on your system or share the reports generated with another user with restricted permissions.

<mark style="color:blue;">DroneNaksha</mark> offers scalable solutions to process a huge amount of workload in parallel processing. It enables to process of many images to create maps simultaneously on a cloud platform with high-speed GPU farms. It offers ultimate accuracy of orthoimages which fulfills the requirement of nearly all applications of mapping.

<mark style="color:blue;">DroneNaksha</mark> is very helpful in various fields such as <mark style="color:blue;">**Land survey and Mapping**</mark>, Construction and planning, Road and Railway Track Mapping, Forest Management, and many more.&#x20;

<mark style="color:blue;">**Construction progress**</mark> tracking with DroneNaksha's visual comparison analysis tool aids in understanding site development over time. Its 3D model provides a more detailed representation for planning and building decisions.

<mark style="color:blue;">DroneNaksha</mark> enables crop analysis using RGB and Infrared images and various algorithms like VARI, and NDVI. The agricultural purpose of inspecting plant health, surveying, and spraying can be effectively done with DroneNaksha.


# 2. Getting Started

This section describes the process of signing in to the DroneNaksha.

After opening the URL you can see Login page. To create a new account, click on Signup link

#### **2.1  Signup**

After clicking on clicking on signup link you will be redirected to Signup page.

![Sign up ](/files/a2tWU4wTC7MTtee7spRF)

* Enter First Name, Last name
* Enter valid email id. If invalid email id is entered, an error message will be popped. &#x20;

![](/files/TXP5cEk5mt3BJCjTMn6r)

* If entered email is an existing one, you won’t be able to sign in. Software would pop a message of ‘There is another account in the system with this email address’.&#x20;

![Confirmation of Account](/files/hq6qi4el7nm2reGjFqkK)

* Enter a strong password with at least - 1 uppercase, 1 lower case, 1 digit. If less than 8 characters are entered, an error message would be shown.

![Suggestions for a strong Password](/files/uwP9eR8DU3cvL6LZrYKI)

* To confirm password field, enter same password which is entered in password field. If ‘Password’ field & ‘Confirm Password’ field does not match then an error message would be shown, as ‘Please match the requested format’.

![Password confirmation](/files/slImreluNK2urdbimxsh)

* Click on checkbox of ‘I agree to terms & conditions’
* When clicked on ‘Signup’ button page will redirect to next screen which will show a message as follows- ‘Thanks for Registering. An Account activation link has been sent to you email’ along with login button.                          &#x20;

![Successful Registration](/files/s5M9YiAn9IKerRUcYjqZ)

* After activating a link which is sent on registered emailed you can Login.

![Successful Signing in](/files/XpammEQNGdNuHOnMiGSi)

* After verifying email ID you can see message of 'your account has been successfully activated’. Proceed with Logging in.

![Activation of Account](/files/ej6hK8YPVsqWnhWS8qH4)

### **2.2   Login**

* Enter registered email id, password & by clicking on ‘Login’ button you can enter into AeroMegh platform.
* The user may login with his Google or Microsoft account by selecting the appropriate option.
* Select a proper account to login with proper credentials.
* If invalid email id/password is entered then by clicking on ‘Login’ button you will receive error message of ‘Invalid email id or password’

<figure><img src="/files/QRdQuLIhyzqVBLE8G8Ng" alt=""><figcaption><p>Checking Valid Email address and Password</p></figcaption></figure>

### 2.3 **Forgot Password**&#x20;

* If you forgot the password, then the same can be reset by clicking on ‘Forgot your password’.
* By entering registered email id you will be able to receive mail for setting up a new password.

![Forgot Password](/files/C1m567Lh9b2v94IU6AGg)

* If unregistered email id is entered then you will receive an error message.


# 3. Dashboard

After successful registration and login with the registered email-id, you will be redirected to the dashboard.

{% hint style="info" %}
**Note:** To access DroneNaksha Services:

1. Log in with proper credentials
2. Click on DroneNaksha&#x20;
3. Select the required service
   {% endhint %}

### 3.1 **DroneNaksha Service**

* For the first time logging in, click on DroneNaksha, then you will be able to see all the informative pages about the DroneNaksha service.
* You can close the pop-up by clicking on the close button which is on the top right corner.
* You can toggle between the next and previous window by clicking on the next/previous arrow button.

![Welcome to DroneNaksha](/files/vZ1HgYzLa9xDGdCEnDhz)

You can start using DroneNaksha by organizing your data in projects, image sets, etc. By creating different image sets in plans, you can organize huge data.

![Organize your image data](/files/tpNYANpCDLQNAonwdSPB)

After organizing your data in form of images, now be ready to process your data with just one click on the 'Process' button.

![Upload your data](/files/SC62a12Gqspj3xpfnGIL)

Now, the results are available which you can view on the map. It allows you to visualize the orthomosaics, DSM, DTM  ,3D, PointCloud and different vegetation indices.&#x20;

**Orthomosaic:**  These are geotagged or raw images that are used for various processing purposes. Without having to physically be on the job site, construction businesses can use these systems to measure stockpile volume, estimate material costs, and collect other relevant data. It is another useful tool for construction organizations that will be useful to make 3D models with raw data from aerial photographs.

**Vegetation Index:** A vegetation index (VI) is a spectral calculation that highlights vegetative features by combining two or more bands of light. It allows the observer to compare photosynthetic activity across your area of interest in a field of crops.

After having results, you can now proceed with the surface models view which will make it easy to visualize high-resolution complex model images such as DSM, and DTM.&#x20;

* **DSM** – A DSM captures the **natural and built features** on the Earth’s surface. It is useful in 3D modeling for telecommunications, urban planning, and aviation. DSM can be used to determine runaway obstructions in approach zone, in aviation. DSMs can see where and how much vegetation is encroaching along a transmission line for vegetation management.  Building tops, trees and plants, powerlines, and any other items recognized by the sensing method are included in digital surface models. These are important for urban/city planning and landscape modeling.
* **DTM** – Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and graphical representations benefit greatly from DTMs. They're employed in flood and drainage modeling, land-use studies, geographic applications, earth-work construction, and other applications.
* **DEM -** A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is a representation of the Earth's bare ground (bare earth) topographic surface without trees, buildings, or other surface objects.

![Surface Model View](/files/DAO4k5Vs6is9i8H307t4)

DroneNaksha also supports a powerful tool to compare your results. You can compare imagery data with any other form.&#x20;

![Compare an Output](/files/mGZfnZ9UQo1ANwA94E4O)

**GCP: Ground Control Points**

GCPs are points that a surveyor can precisely pinpoint in an aerial mapping survey: huge areas can be accurately mapped with just a few known coordinates. Ground control points might be anything visible in the photos. They usually resemble a little checkerboard piece. The form eliminates any doubt about where a ground control point's 'point' is.  Just to get it noticed immediately they are always either black and white or of high contrast patterns. Traditional surveying methods, LiDAR, or an existing map - even Google Earth - may have been used to measure these points.

![GCP Edit Mode](/files/af7VJgnnpJ85bWBqP4Nc)

DroneNaksha allows you to edit the GCP points to make the workflow very easy and simple.&#x20;

Now you can track and control your processing tasks from a single window.

![Manage Processing Task](/files/YDQUqNudGARhh9wIgSJp)

### **3.2 DroneNaksha Dashboard**

The dashboard will allow the user to perform the operations related to projects such as:

<figure><img src="/files/FxNR9SYG7gYCKE8fejvC" alt=""><figcaption><p>Dashboard of DroneNaksha</p></figcaption></figure>

Recently created activities are displayed on the top of the dashboard as "Recent Activity" as shown in the above image. Every icon displayed here has information associated with it such as type of activity like plan, imageset, etc., name of the activity, respective name of project and date of creation. The list can be scrolled using forward and backward arrows.

The details of projects are also displayed on the dashboard. The total number of projects created by the user is displayed here. Click on <img src="/files/8XWJrFyZHJLcscWnClCI" alt="" data-size="line"> to change the view style as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/nBO5MJBsdeOEE9kaW6I4" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

The user may have the list of projects, plans, imagesets and maps as shown in the above image. According to the selection, the respective list will be displayed.

<figure><img src="/files/EiFTDJwiJjghBnyGZ7kV" alt=""><figcaption><p>List of Imagesets</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/OdtnljGZ4hyzfAopoOri" alt=""><figcaption><p>List and details of Maps created</p></figcaption></figure>

This functionality gives the flexibility to search imageset or plan or map easily. It helps to find out the processed maps easily.


# 3.1 Projects

#### 3.1.1 **Create Projects**

Click on <img src="/files/OM5qeKzahRGuIUdbGEcZ" alt="" data-size="line">"New Map+" option on the right-hand top corner of the dashboard to create a new project.

The user will get a new window popped on the screen. Enter the name of a new project or select the already existing project from the drop-down list as shown in the image below. Search and select the location of a plan on the map. Then proceed by clicking on the "Next" button.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/Uv3VBuPIyaB7IYR68Ayi" alt=""><figcaption><p>Create New Project</p></figcaption></figure>

The new project will be saved with a project name suggested by the user.

#### **3.1.2 Delete Projects**

Click on the three dots on the right side of the name of a project.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/YQNUQv7KpzcxczZ1uhSa" alt=""><figcaption><p>Delete a Project</p></figcaption></figure>

By clicking on the 'Delete' option the confirmation message will be displayed as shown in the image below. Click on the "Yes" button o delete a project.

<figure><img src="/files/4IG4GQcdiUuDyNZXU48o" alt=""><figcaption><p>Confirmation for Deletion of a Project</p></figcaption></figure>

Once the project is deleted, you cannot retrieve it. Therefore, be careful before deleting a project.&#x20;


# 3.2 Plans

In this section, the user can create and handle the plans which are useful in the processing of imagery data.

The user can create a plan immediately after the creation of a project. No plan will exist without the project. Click on the 'next' button to proceed.

<figure><img src="/files/syx2mSDtaQJmqrJJ3U6g" alt=""><figcaption><p>Create a Plan</p></figcaption></figure>

### **3.2.1   Create Imageset**

Enter a valid name for an imegeset and proceed by clicking on the 'Next' button.

<figure><img src="/files/TuvX70kBCePpSIfaKUJH" alt=""><figcaption><p>Create Imageset</p></figcaption></figure>

Click on the "Finish" button to create a new project with the desired name of project, plan and imageset.

<figure><img src="/files/QshTKep7a7Rgb7rFBCbS" alt=""><figcaption><p>Completion of Process of Creation of Project </p></figcaption></figure>


# 3.3 Images

#### 3.3.1 **Upload Images**

After clicking on the 'Next' button the popup window will be displayed requesting to upload the images with a message as "Click on Finish & start uploading Images" to upload the selected imageset to the plan for processing as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/FjCIudtc6yUNUmD1W7Ey" alt=""><figcaption><p>Imageset selection</p></figcaption></figure>

1. To upload images click on "Images+" button. You can browse the images from your local computer also.&#x20;

&#x20; 2\.  Status of ‘Uploading images' will be shown while uploading images.

![Uploading Image](/files/UeRI4M66WxCZyKcOryce)

&#x20; 3\. The user can abort the process of uploading images by clicking on the 'Cancel' button.

&#x20; 4\. All the images uploaded will be checked for valid geotags and the number of usable and images with invalid geotags is displayed accordingly.

<figure><img src="/files/76tSkxXv8sIXOuDGkO8v" alt=""><figcaption><p>Images Uploaded</p></figcaption></figure>

&#x20; 5\. By selecting an image set from the sidebar menu, you can add another image set to an existing project/plan. A pop-up window will appear to enter the name of a new imageset.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/KUsgaccGK6h9kpAJ9p5A" alt=""><figcaption><p>Adding new Imageset</p></figcaption></figure>

6\.  You can see different types of views of the image sets like ‘List’ view, ‘Grid’ View, ‘Map’ View

**List View:** You can see images in the List view by clicking on the ‘List’ button which includes columns as follows –

&#x20;                       **Name** - you can see the name of an image.

&#x20;                       **Date** – you can see a  date of an  image created.

&#x20;                      **Size** – you can see the  size of an  image in MB or GB.

&#x20;                       **Resolution** – you can see the  resolution of an image in MegaPixel (MP)

<figure><img src="/files/l200dDz3PtO91QsYlDZX" alt=""><figcaption><p>List view of imagesets</p></figcaption></figure>

**Grid View:** You can see images in Grid view by clicking on the ‘Grid' button. On the thumbnail, you can see the image name, resolution, and size of that image.

<figure><img src="/files/gveJcVGWlANWPn76r4jc" alt=""><figcaption><p>Grid view of Imageset</p></figcaption></figure>

**Map View:** On the map view, blue dots will be displayed for the images which are uploaded by you.

<figure><img src="/files/sY1WIyAqM8zgdBldrXZ8" alt=""><figcaption><p>Map View</p></figcaption></figure>

DroneNaksha provides following tools to select the images on a map.

* **Pointer**: Using this tool, the user can select the desired image. The details of an image will be displayed on the screen as shown.

<figure><img src="/files/83JW6YDCDJ9IpZnSIatl" alt=""><figcaption><p>Details of Image</p></figcaption></figure>

* **Polygon:** This tool will be useful to select multiple images collectively.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/oRieJh9dZE0zY9A2Lc3j" alt=""><figcaption><p>Drawing Polygon</p></figcaption></figure>

Selected images can be exported for another processing as an imageset.

* **Delete:** Selected images can be deleted by using this tool.
* **Export:** The selected images can be collectively exported as a new imageset.

<figure><img src="/files/8JH3EA7ZY164CG2z0Chm" alt=""><figcaption><p>Export Create a new Imageset</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/4mDidFsa45E9k8wpqXu5" alt=""><figcaption><p>Exported Images</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/BFlBFfuRAnN15jGFYUnt" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# 3.4 Assests

The user can add assets to the DroneNaksha on which the processing is to be carried out. These assets may be anyone from the following list such as:

* Ortho
* DSM
* DTM
* LAS/LAZ

<figure><img src="/files/nd2aDowmhlQlvCTzoIeX" alt=""><figcaption><p>Adding Assets to DroneNaksha</p></figcaption></figure>

The user will be able to upload anyone from the above types of file formats according to the requirements of the application.

#### 3.4.1 Ortho Images:

<figure><img src="/files/DBLG8maFNC9ToptvV9of" alt=""><figcaption><p>Uploading Ortho Images</p></figcaption></figure>

Orthomosaic images are geometrically adjusted for the perspective view, together with the distortion of the lens and the angle of the camera, to produce a flawlessly straight-down picture of every object in the frame, much like you would see on Google Earth. While uploading any ortho image make sure you are uploading Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) having a size up to 4GB. Additional tags in a GeoTIFF give projection details for the image as per the GeoTIFF standard.&#x20;

Select an appropriate orthomosaic image from the system and upload it as an asset. It will take some time to upload the image. Wait till the file is uploaded and then proceed for the actual processing with the selected image.

#### 3.4.2 DSM Images

A surface is captured by DSM, encompassing both natural and man-made structures like trees and buildings. They demonstrate the reflective surfaces of every feature raised above the "bare earth." DSMs are, in essence, models of the the surface of the earth and all of its inhabitants.

#### 3.4.3 DTM Images

DTMs are often made using photogrammetry. Because of its 3D breaklines and uniformly spaced 3D mass points, a DTM more accurately depicts distinct terrain characteristics.

#### 3.4.4 LAS/LAZ Images

The LAZ (LASzip) file format, which is used to store LiDAR data, is a compressed variation of the LAS (LIDAR Aerial Survey) file format.&#x20;


# 4. Process

This section will describe the process related operations.

For processing the aerial images in DroneNaksha, the user must create a map by selecting "New Map" from the dashboard as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/vr1ZkrcvEUrZyxyUnoTm" alt=""><figcaption><p>Create a Map</p></figcaption></figure>

Enter the project name to create a new project or select a project name from the dropdown menu.

<figure><img src="/files/bsBuj1fkrakp0I5TbPTx" alt=""><figcaption><p>Create a Project </p></figcaption></figure>


# 4.1 Create Map

For starting the image processing task, DroneNaksha allows for the creation of a project. A project is a collection of plans and tasks.&#x20;

For processing the aerial images in DroneNaksha, the user has to create a map first by selecting "New Map" first from the dashboard as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/vr1ZkrcvEUrZyxyUnoTm" alt=""><figcaption><p>Create a Map</p></figcaption></figure>

After creating a map, now the user has to create a project.

#### Create a Project

Enter the project name to create a new project or select a project name from the dropdown menu.

<figure><img src="/files/bsBuj1fkrakp0I5TbPTx" alt=""><figcaption><p>Create a Project </p></figcaption></figure>


# 4.2 Create a Project

### 4.2.1 Create a Project

Create a project by entering the name of a project in the given window and proceed with the creation of a plan. If the user wants to create a new project, then enter the name of a project and select a location on the map.

<figure><img src="/files/9hGwCPQ6SXKBvQmq8dYC" alt=""><figcaption><p>Create a Project</p></figcaption></figure>

The user may use an existing project by selecting a project from a dropdown menu.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/fr0EkViPLogc6Sfg6CAs" alt=""><figcaption><p>Create a Plan</p></figcaption></figure>

Every plan should have its associated imageset. Therefore, the next step is to create an imageset.

Enter a name of an imageset for handling the images for processing.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/bLf07Vg8uaeTUf86nPHW" alt=""><figcaption><p>Create an Imageset</p></figcaption></figure>

### 4.2.2 Planner

The planner option will be available as and when the user is trying to create a new plan or project. The project opened to create a plan that can be shared with another member which is team management.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/M5GIoarcEjg034VlAPxY" alt=""><figcaption><p>Planner</p></figcaption></figure>

Planner feature of DroneNaksha allows you to plan activities according to the day and date. The user may add a task and assign it to his colleague to perform on the scheduled date and time. The user is allowed to track these activities through this planner. The status of the task will be changed according to the schedule and it can be added or deleted from the task list after the completion of a task.

<figure><img src="/files/4OGc17SgIkHZKSxnaNDx" alt=""><figcaption><p>Assigning a Task Through DroneNaksha</p></figcaption></figure>

Select the appropriate fields and assign the task to another user with the required priority of the task to be performed.&#x20;

Based on the priority assigned, the task has to be performed and accordingly, the status of a task will be changed.

<figure><img src="/files/YXyDZf9PgiC99lh0Fzb4" alt=""><figcaption><p>Assigning a Task</p></figcaption></figure>


# 4.3 Upload Images

After successfully creating the project, plan, and imageset, the user has to upload the images for processing.

Images to be uploaded should have valid geotags. If the images have invalid geotags then these will not be considered for processing as the result may not be accurate or at accurate location&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/Dlns6vC2sfJ2Q4YLDmXn" alt=""><figcaption><p>Upload Images</p></figcaption></figure>

The user may upload images or assets for processing as per the requirements.

### 4.3.1 Assets

The user may upload the assets from his local computer or from the cloud. To use this feature, the user must select the "Assets +" button on the right-hand top corner of the screen.

On selecting the "Asset +" button, DroneNaksha will provide the options to select the proper asset.

<figure><img src="/files/jL4hthsCJ4zsxpgFS2Z9" alt=""><figcaption><p>Upload Assets</p></figcaption></figure>

* **Ortho**
* **DSM**
* **DTM**
* **LAS/LAZ**

For more details about these assets please refer to section 3.4 Assets.

Select the appropriate asset and upload it accordingly. Follow the instructions appearing on the screen to complete the process.

### 4.3.2 Images

To upload the geotagged images, select the button "images +" from the right-hand top corner of the screen. Select a proper folder or images to upload from the local computer.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/UDLHY9uMOcXfIrsyvZCo" alt=""><figcaption><p>Upload Images from a Folder</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/Idu6FevfjtUZameTocZe" alt=""><figcaption><p>Upload Completed</p></figcaption></figure>

DroneNaksha will verify the status of images for processing. It requires the proper geotagged images. If the images are not having proper geotags then it will show the warning message as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/QSJmGCBEHHOm5r3AkCYI" alt=""><figcaption><p>Performing Precheck</p></figcaption></figure>

Click on "Yes" if you want to move with the processing of images without geotags or click on "No" and upload the new images with valid geotags.

After uploading the images for process, DroneNaksha will allow to create a task.

### 4.3.3 Operations on Imagesets:

The user will be able to perform the following operations on the imageset.

<figure><img src="/files/hnSypkjniDl9jViH4lRr" alt=""><figcaption><p>Imageset Operations</p></figcaption></figure>

* **Renaming an Imageset:** The user may modify the name of an imageset by entering the new name and then click on "Update" button.

<figure><img src="/files/Uxja1Nc9xOMhL4o4pxmr" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

* **Duplicate an Imageset:** The same imageset can be used by duplicating an imageset with this option. The time will be reduced for uploading the images by duplicating an imageset. Enter the new name for an imageset and click on "Ok" button.

<figure><img src="/files/nthYKv7g5jH2wvLVQIM0" alt=""><figcaption><p>Duplicate an Imageset</p></figcaption></figure>

* **Delete an Imageset:** Delete the selected imageset by using this option.

<figure><img src="/files/9QGMO07ijxP3CggEeOBp" alt=""><figcaption><p>Warning Message before Deleting an Imageset</p></figcaption></figure>

The warning message will be displayed on the screen before the actual deletion of an imageset. All the data associated with specific imageset will be deleted which cannot be recovered easily.

The user may create multiple imagesets in a project. To add the new imageset click on "Imageset +" button on the right-hand top corner on the screen.


# 4.4 Create a Task

It's time to start a task for processing the images uploaded in DroneNaksha.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/GprfHzrHvDYGEddCDzSs" alt=""><figcaption><p>Start a Task</p></figcaption></figure>

To perform a task, the user has to select task execution parameters such as outputs and the accuracy required.

* **Orthomosaic:** Orthomosaic map or image will be created by stichting the images uploaded and processed. By default, this output will be generated.
* **Elevation Model:** Elevation models such as DSM, DTM will be created after processing.
* **3D Model:** 3D Model will be created by selecting this type of output.

<figure><img src="/files/tNVaoPlffp50RWTP0SfK" alt=""><figcaption><p>Selection of Accuracy</p></figcaption></figure>

The user can select the accuracy level from the drop-down list as shown in the above image. The user can set the accuracy level as:

* **Low**
* **Moderate**
* **High**
* **Highest**

Click on the "Yes" button to proceed for creating a task. The task will be created successfully. Click on the "Ok" button to proceed.

### 4.4.1 Task Process Status:

**Pending**: The processing time required for a task will be more as it contains a number of images.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/KO8Pw1O599OIXVt8iqNF" alt=""><figcaption><p>Details of a Task</p></figcaption></figure>

The above image shows the details of a task under processing. It shows the status of processing, date, and time of creation of a task. It also displays the details of the output to be produced after processing such as orthomosaic, elevation model, 3D models with an accuracy level set for that particular output as shown in the above image.

<figure><img src="/files/qPntEk0oawjhn8ZrdRxC" alt=""><figcaption><p>Pending Task with invalid geotagged Images</p></figcaption></figure>

#### Task Status:

Click on the bell icon to get the task status. Task status will be as good as a task log generated due to various processes carried out. These are as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/EblD9jN5hpHs4v7pQ1MQ" alt=""><figcaption><p>Pending Task with Usable Images</p></figcaption></figure>

It gives the date-wise information of the processes carried out.&#x20;

### 4.4.2 Manage GCPs:

Ground Control Points (GCPs) are actual landmarks that are accurately measured using GPS or other surveying methods and placed on the ground. The orthomosaic's accuracy can be increased during image processing by using GCPs, which are visible in the drone photos. The spatial accuracy of the final map can be greatly improved by incorporating GCPs into your drone mapping project, providing trustworthy data for a variety of applications.

To manage GCPs, DroneNaksha provides a feature by using "Manage GCP" option by clicking on three dots on the right-hand side of the screen.&#x20;

Click on three dots to get the option to manage GCPs as shown.

<figure><img src="/files/WY9zQyDtTMSEhrLpqbRR" alt=""><figcaption><p>Selecting Manage GCP option</p></figcaption></figure>

The following image will be opened after clicking on the option of "Manage GCP". The image will have many blue spots that are related to the geographical location of the images captured a drone.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/yHsbPXkMxNlDIhdR30L4" alt=""><figcaption><p>After Applying Manage GCP option</p></figcaption></figure>

Click on any desired blue point to get the detailed geographical information of the selected image as shown such as latitude, longitude, and altitude. It also displays the details of pixels and the size of an image in MB.

DroneNaksha provides a list of GCPs on the right-hand side of the screen which includes the number of total predicted GCPs and Marked GCPs.

<figure><img src="/files/pnbuuy6lDKb52xxBkybW" alt=""><figcaption><p>Details of an Image</p></figcaption></figure>

### 4.4.3 Download CSV Template

DroneNaksha provides a few CSV templates which can be used to store the information of CSV in that particular format.

Click on "Download CSV Template" option to get the details in the prescribed format.&#x20;

One ZIP file will be downloaded that includes two files as shown&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/sPsIOeOGw9FCyVubpPnD" alt=""><figcaption><p>Download CSV Template</p></figcaption></figure>

* **GCPTemplate(Degree)**: This file contains the details of latitude, longitude, and altitude.

<figure><img src="/files/wIQwaqJNAmqDQVDnwyAf" alt=""><figcaption><p>GCPTemplate(Degree)</p></figcaption></figure>

* **GCPTemplate(Meters):** This file contains the following information in Excel format. It includes details of northing, easting, and elevation in meters.

<figure><img src="/files/kIxfFtjZFKUWsw7FBW55" alt=""><figcaption><p>GCPTemplate(Meters)</p></figcaption></figure>

### 4.4.4 Manage CSV

<figure><img src="/files/j174ujUVjsa9Gl64neup" alt=""><figcaption><p>Manage CSV</p></figcaption></figure>

The user can import CSV format in the prescribed format as shown in the image by clicking on "Manage CSV" option from the right-hand top corner.

<figure><img src="/files/fm4PubzXj08hCe5VYTB9" alt=""><figcaption><p>Import CSV</p></figcaption></figure>

The user can browse for any specific CSV file from his computer or "Import" a CSV file from any other source.&#x20;

Once the processing of a task is completed, the task process status will be changed to "Completed" and it produces the outputs which are discussed in the next section as "Visualization".

<figure><img src="/files/ASNyQsQmhnVQWw25qzJL" alt=""><figcaption><p>Completed Task</p></figcaption></figure>


# 5. Visualization

This section will give an overview of the visualization of images in different forms.

The outputs provided by DroneNaksha are discussed in detailed in this section.

The output of the image processing are:

Orthomosaic images

Plant Health

DSM / DTM

Point Cloud

3D models

The details about all these are discussed in the next section.

### **5.1  Ortho Image**

An orthomosaic is a huge, high-resolution image created by stitching together multiple smaller images known as orthophotos.&#x20;

Orthomosaic map will be generated after the completion of task created in DroneNaksha. The procedure to open orthomosaic map is as follows:

* Open the project in which the orthomosaic map is stored.
* Open the plan from the list of plans in a project.
* Click on the map option as indicated in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/usYhqlQ8E6rqWzwjkt4g" alt=""><figcaption><p>Open Map </p></figcaption></figure>

* The list of map will be displayed. Select the required one and click to open that map.
* The map will open as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/lxYp9Ar6IAFmGoe5r0FJ" alt=""><figcaption><p>Ortho image</p></figcaption></figure>

&#x20;At the center bottom, the user can see different options to open the map like Ortho, Plant Health, and  DSM. Select one to open the desired output.

**Plant Health:**

Healthy plants reflect light differently than diseased plants. Plants that are in good health tend to reflect more green light than red light, which is why they appear green. Plants also emit near-infrared light, which is invisible to the naked eye but detectable by near-infrared sensors.

Plant health algorithms such as NDVI and VARI assess the proportions of light collected across different bands (red, green, blue, and occasionally near-infrared) to compute numerical values for each pixel or area in a given drone map. Maps with plant health algorithms are then colored based on those numerical values, making it easy to distinguish between healthy and unhealthy areas.

### **NDVI image (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)**

**NDVI** or greenness index is an indicator that shows the greenness, densit&#x79;**,** and health of vegetation in each pixel of a satellite image.&#x20;

NDVI is a widely and commonly used remote sensing technology for identifying vegetation and assessing plant health. NDVI has been the industry standard for understanding plant health from many years. To quantify healthy plant life under a variety of situations, NDVI compares near infrared light.

|     Value    | Indication                                                                |
| :----------: | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|      < 0     | Inanimate / dead material such as roads, buildings, soils, or dead plants |
|   0 to 0.33  | Unhealthy plant material                                                  |
| 0.33 to 0.66 | Healthy Plant Material                                                    |
|    > 0.66    | Very Healthy Plant Material                                               |

![NDVI index Value](/files/9UwvbzeDkG0lJes26zd5)

You can see the NDVI image by clicking on the NDVI tab at the center bottom of the screen. A plant health popup will be seen.

<figure><img src="/files/TuG2oeRIGipNIw4YoGMS" alt=""><figcaption><p>Image after applying NDVI </p></figcaption></figure>

The user can select any one of the algorithm provided. DroneNaksha support the following algorithms:

* **vNDVI**

A genetic algorithm that is used to create a new visible index (visible NDVI; vNDVI) to calculate NDVI values from RGB cameras installed on UAVs that have not been calibrated.

* **Visible Atmospherically Resistant (VARI) Index**

An index of vegetation originally developed for satellite images is called the Visual Atmospheric Resistance Index. It is minimally affected by atmospheric effects, allowing it to estimate vegetation in a wide range of environments.

$$
VARI=((Green-Red))/((Green+Red-Blue) )
$$

<figure><img src="/files/wAf0Jw2CwJuHZKAZux28" alt=""><figcaption><p>Image after applying VARI </p></figcaption></figure>

* **Excess Green (EXG)**
* **Triangular Greenness Index (TGI)**

It uses the area of a triangle in the spectral features of the chlorophyll region. Triangular Greenness Index (TGI) is an RGB indicator for chlorophyll sensitivity.

$$
TGI=((Green-(0.39*Red)-(0.61*Blue)))/((Normalized to max value of RGB bands))
$$

<figure><img src="/files/cWUomqwzanlv6aIXgEx1" alt=""><figcaption><p>After Applying TGI Algorithm</p></figcaption></figure>

* **Green Leaf Index (GLI)**

If the value is positive, it is either green leaves or stems; if it is negative, soil or another nonliving object.

$$
GLI=(2Green-Red-Blue)/(2Green+Red+Blue)
$$

<figure><img src="/files/Js5hs8gEK6nhQMJ13aj7" alt=""><figcaption><p>After Applying GLI Algorithm</p></figcaption></figure>

### **DSM Image (Digital Surface Models)**

A digital surface model (DSM) is an elevation model that contains the elevation of the terrain as well as above-ground features such as buildings, vegetation, towers, and other infrastructure.

\-          By clicking on the DSM tab at the bottom of the screen, a small pop-up will be displayed which will show DSM & DTM tabs (as shown in the image below).

\-          You can see the DSM image by clicking on the DSM option.

<figure><img src="/files/Dtrjn3MgtFQbCozYiNcs" alt=""><figcaption><p>DSM Image</p></figcaption></figure>

### **DTM (Digital Terrain Model)**

In some countries, a DTM is actually synonymous with a DEM. This means that a DTM is simply an elevation surface representing the bare earth referenced to a common vertical datum. In the United States and other countries, a DTM has a slightly different meaning. A DTM is a vector data set composed of regularly spaced points and natural features such as ridges and break lines. A DTM augments a DEM by including linear features of the bare-earth terrain.

By clicking on DTM tab, you can open DTM image.

![DTM Image](/files/KGbEgOFsHyPYk2EQ8di8)


# 5.1 Orthomosaic Images

Orthomosaic images will be generated after the completion of a  task created in DroneNaksha. The procedure to open an orthomosaic map is as follows:

* Open the project in which the orthomosaic map is stored.
* Open the plan from the list of plans in a project.
* Click on the map option as indicated in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/usYhqlQ8E6rqWzwjkt4g" alt=""><figcaption><p>Open Map </p></figcaption></figure>

* The list of map will be displayed. Select the required one and click to open that map.
* The map will open as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/lxYp9Ar6IAFmGoe5r0FJ" alt=""><figcaption><p>Ortho image</p></figcaption></figure>

&#x20;At the center bottom, the user can see different options to open the map like Ortho, Plant Health, and  DSM. Select one to open the desired output.


# 5.2 Plant Health

Healthy plants reflect light differently than diseased plants. Plants that are in good health tend to reflect more green light than red light, which is why they appear green. Plants also emit near-infrared light, which is invisible to the naked eye but detectable by near-infrared sensors.

Plant health algorithms such as NDVI and VARI assess the proportions of light collected across different bands (red, green, blue, and occasionally near-infrared) to compute numerical values for each pixel or area in a given drone map. Maps with plant health algorithms are then colored based on those numerical values, making it easy to distinguish between healthy and unhealthy areas.

### **5.2.1 NDVI image (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)**

**NDVI** or greenness index is an indicator that shows the greenness, densit&#x79;**,** and health of vegetation in each pixel of a satellite image.&#x20;

NDVI is a widely and commonly used remote sensing technology for identifying vegetation and assessing plant health. NDVI has been the industry standard for understanding plant health from many years. To quantify healthy plant life under a variety of situations, NDVI compares near infrared light.

|     Value    | Indication                                                                |
| :----------: | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|      < 0     | Inanimate / dead material such as roads, buildings, soils, or dead plants |
|   0 to 0.33  | Unhealthy plant material                                                  |
| 0.33 to 0.66 | Healthy Plant Material                                                    |
|    > 0.66    | Very Healthy Plant Material                                               |

![NDVI index Value](/files/9UwvbzeDkG0lJes26zd5)

You can see the NDVI image by clicking on the NDVI tab at the center bottom of the screen. A plant health popup will be seen.

<figure><img src="/files/TuG2oeRIGipNIw4YoGMS" alt=""><figcaption><p>Image after applying NDVI </p></figcaption></figure>

The user can select any one of the algorithm provided. DroneNaksha support the following algorithms:

**5.2.2 vNDVI**

A genetic algorithm that is used to create a new visible index (visible NDVI; vNDVI) to calculate NDVI values from RGB cameras installed on UAVs that have not been calibrated.

**5.2.3 Visible Atmospherically Resistant (VARI) Index**

An index of vegetation originally developed for satellite images is called the Visual Atmospheric Resistance Index. It is minimally affected by atmospheric effects, allowing it to estimate vegetation in a wide range of environments.

$$
VARI=((Green-Red))/((Green+Red-Blue) )
$$

<figure><img src="/files/wAf0Jw2CwJuHZKAZux28" alt=""><figcaption><p>Image after applying VARI </p></figcaption></figure>

* **Excess Green (EXG)**

**5.2.4 Triangular Greenness Index (TGI)**

It uses the area of a triangle in the spectral features of the chlorophyll region. Triangular Greenness Index (TGI) is an RGB indicator for chlorophyll sensitivity.

$$
TGI=((Green-(0.39*Red)-(0.61*Blue)))/((Normalized to max value of RGB bands))
$$

<figure><img src="/files/cWUomqwzanlv6aIXgEx1" alt=""><figcaption><p>After Applying TGI Algorithm</p></figcaption></figure>

**5.2.5 Green Leaf Index (GLI)**

If the value is positive, it is either green leaves or stems; if it is negative, soil or another nonliving object.

$$
GLI=(2Green-Red-Blue)/(2Green+Red+Blue)
$$

<figure><img src="/files/Js5hs8gEK6nhQMJ13aj7" alt=""><figcaption><p>After Applying GLI Algorithm</p></figcaption></figure>


# 5.3 DSM and DTM

### 5.3.1 **DSM Image (Digital Surface Models)**

A digital surface model (DSM) is an elevation model that contains the elevation of the terrain as well as above-ground features such as buildings, vegetation, towers, and other infrastructure.

\-          By clicking on the DSM tab at the bottom of the screen, a small pop-up will be displayed which will show DSM & DTM tabs (as shown in the image below).

\-          You can see the DSM image by clicking on the DSM option.

<figure><img src="/files/Dtrjn3MgtFQbCozYiNcs" alt=""><figcaption><p>DSM Image</p></figcaption></figure>

### **5.3.2 DTM (Digital Terrain Model)**

In some countries, a DTM is actually synonymous with a DEM. This means that a DTM is simply an elevation surface representing the bare earth referenced to a common vertical datum. In the United States and other countries, a DTM has a slightly different meaning. A DTM is a vector data set composed of regularly spaced points and natural features such as ridges and break lines. A DTM augments a DEM by including linear features of the bare-earth terrain.

By clicking on DTM tab, you can open DTM image.

![DTM Image](/files/KGbEgOFsHyPYk2EQ8di8)


# 5.4 Point Cloud

A point cloud is a group of points used to store data dynamically. LiDAR systems are frequently used for this.

The processed information from the LiDAR system develops point cloud data once it has gathered each individual reading and the numerous point data in a point cloud are represented by light pulses.

Surfaces and objects are recorded using a sequence of pictures taken during a fly-over. A point cloud of the object can be created through surface matching and triangulation by matching various photo views of a single view or object.

Steps to use point cloud image are:

1. &#x20;Open an Orthomosaic image generated from DroneNaksha.
2. &#x20;Click on the 3D option from the bottom menu.

<figure><img src="/files/zswF2fiEg4bLcKEW0ip5" alt=""><figcaption><p>Opening Point Cloud Option</p></figcaption></figure>

3. Three options will be displayed on the screen such as "Point Cloud", "Texture View", and "Both".
4. Select "Point Cloud" option to create a point cloud image as shown.

<figure><img src="/files/IJjZzbZQMvdLwUcoHPMp" alt=""><figcaption><p>Point Cloud Image</p></figcaption></figure>

The image generated from point cloud can be rotated from any angle on any axis to observe the structure neatly.

The user may use measurement tools on this image to get the measurements of selected area.

<figure><img src="/files/D8o6krCtyQTPzwcaX9Fj" alt=""><figcaption><p>Measurement</p></figcaption></figure>


# 5.5 3D Image


# 6. Point Details

Details of the point will be displayed on the screen as shown in the following image. The details of the point includes the latitude and longitude values of that particular point.

<figure><img src="/files/tRhe8zDMo4J5JWEdwvhB" alt=""><figcaption><p>Point Details</p></figcaption></figure>

To get the details of point, just click on the map at the specific location. Immediately the details will be appeared on the screen.


# 7. Measurement

This section will give you insights into the measurements of generated images.

Once the orthomosaic images are generated, the user can use them in data or image processing. The area covered by the entire orthomosaic image is of great concern. These images are generated after the images are captured by the drones. The actual area on the land and the area of the image should not deviate. The user can verify it from the feature called 'Measurement' in DroneNaksha.

For using this facility, DroneNaksha gives us various tools such as:

* Polygon
* Polyline
* Marker

These tools are available on the right drawer on the screen.


# 7.1 Polygon

**Polygon:** The user can draw the polygon for the measurement of the area.&#x20;

![Polygon for Area Measurement](/files/zqiQzmXvHKEGLxWHiByB)

It shows the area and length of the area marked by the polygon. Also, labels are displayed if any.  The user can see an area and length with four different unit styles such as sq. meters, hectares, etc. The user may untick the check boxes not to display that particular entity as shown in the picture. The user can rename the polygon for his reference. If many polygons are drawn in one map then it becomes easier to identify the specific polygon if it is renamed.&#x20;

![Polygon for Measurement of Area](/files/5l5ZvVjCzkzSwPQ5EFua)

### Change Color:

The user may change the color of the selected polygons as per the requirement and as per the type of structure by using this facility as shown in the following images.

<figure><img src="/files/uk9GWBpl1dY0uItFAUl4" alt=""><figcaption><p>Color Change tool</p></figcaption></figure>

Select the option as highlighted in the image. The color palette will be popped up on the screen from where the user can select a color.

<figure><img src="/files/gztyOXX6dCgvulDzlH4P" alt=""><figcaption><p>Select a new Color</p></figcaption></figure>


# 7.2 Polyline

The user can draw the polyline on the image to get the actual measurements of the area considered. It shows the area and length in sq. mtr, sq. km., acres, Hectares, as shown in image below:

![Area Measurement with Polyline](/files/nj4PU009uSGtamiBnPA4)

The user may have the diagonal measurements of the map. The area calculated here is accurate and at actuals. Very few variations are observed in the actual area and area calculated by applying polygon or polyline.&#x20;

The user is allowed to apply all the options available at the bottom of the screen to the selected polygon. The user may draw polygons inside the outer polygon. Selection and deselection of polygon, polyline, and marker are possible just by ticking and unticking the options on the right side of the screen.


# 7.3 Marker

![Marker Added](/files/DMRxLFwyIyzV0u1xAbne)

The user can place a marker on the map to check the latitude and longitude of the located points. You can rename the marker, and give the description to the particular marker. Select and deselect options are also available for selecting the specific marker. No restrictions on how many markers will be there.

The advantage of using a marker is that you can co-relate the latitude, and longitude of the with the marker of known position. &#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/784l4sszHbCjipjSnEG2" alt=""><figcaption><p>Add to Compare</p></figcaption></figure>

Select the polyline, polygon, and marker and then click on the "Add to Compare" option to add this measurement to the comparison analysis report.&#x20;


# 7.4 Volumetric Analysis / Measurement

DroneNaksha provides the volumetric measurements of the selected area marked on an orthomosaic map. The steps for getting a volumetric measurement are as follows:

1. Open an orthomosaic map generated through DroneNaksha.
2. Mark the area by using "Measure Area" tool.
3. Select the marked area with pointer as shown in the following image.&#x20;
4. The volumetric measurement will be displayed on the right-hand side of the screen by clicking on "Calculate" button.
5. It will show the cut volume, fill volume and volume with the method applied.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/eBwV9Wc3z2q067Z7RfGB" alt=""><figcaption><p>Volumetric Measurement</p></figcaption></figure>

This type of Volumetric Measurement plays very important role in the construction industry. Cut and Fill measurement is also important for any construction industry. DroneNaksha provides the values readily with a single click that reduces the human time and mistakes.&#x20;

#### Deletion of Marked Areas:

Select the polygon or polyline to delete as shown in the following image. Then click on the symbol of Delete to delete the selected marked area.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/3lns7q7e0CrVaae0KeF2" alt=""><figcaption><p>Deletion of Areas</p></figcaption></figure>

After deletion of the marked area the map will look like as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/x1nXfjWvxo37ViI8gllh" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# 8. Map Details

<figure><img src="/files/UGye24gdWN7YYd3gJfvL" alt=""><figcaption><p>Map Details</p></figcaption></figure>

Details of the map will be available by clicking on the tool marked in the above image called as Map Details. It will show the details of maps as follows:

* Area
* GSD
* Processing Time
* Processing Date


# 9. Comparison Analysis

The orthomosaic map can be used to perform various tasks including comparison analysis.

This feature is very useful in progress monitoring of the construction site, agriculture field, road construction, etc. Save the imagesets in the specified folders to create the respective othromosaic maps.&#x20;

Open the orthomosaic maps for comparison analysis.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/M39BNHpJIfwitEjooMQf" alt=""><figcaption><p>Orthomosaic Map</p></figcaption></figure>

Select the tool for comparison analysis as marked in the above image.&#x20;

Select the type of images displayed from the dropdown list separately or the same in both portions.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/PalPv0BnkK7xElc0yz7s" alt=""><figcaption><p>Comparison Analysis</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/q81JVOwyLr2Afiblr5t6" alt=""><figcaption><p>Comparison Analysis</p></figcaption></figure>

The progress monitoring of the site can be performed by using the feature of comparison analysis as shown in the following image. Upload the orthoimages of the same site captured at different timing and use them for comparing the progress of the site.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/pPmpiHMU8vqlxreFd9BQ" alt=""><figcaption><p>Comparison Analysis</p></figcaption></figure>


# 10. Inspect

This functionality gives detailed pictures of the points available on the map. Click on the tool as marked in the image below.

<figure><img src="/files/6cF8uK0X8grbVSzfzjaP" alt=""><figcaption><p>Selection of Inspect tool on Orthomosaic Map</p></figcaption></figure>

The images captured by a drone which are to inspected will be displayed as shown in the following image.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/rig3BzA9kL2pNdx0cjYr" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Click on any of the blue points to get a clear image of that area as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/SlsZYtZienElqaDT71uF" alt=""><figcaption><p>Details of location</p></figcaption></figure>

The geographical information such as latitude, longitude, and altitude values are displayed along with the name of an image captured by a drone. The user can zoom the area. The size and resolution are also displayed in the right-hand top corner. The user can navigate to and fro by using arrows at the right-hand bottom of the image.


# 11. Download Assets

DroneNaksha provides the facility to download assets in which the user can download different forms of reports which are discussed here.&#x20;

Click on the "Download Assets" tool available on the right-hand side of the screen.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/U6UZcyz8BJO8W3fITCDt" alt=""><figcaption><p>Download Assets</p></figcaption></figure>

The user can download this report in pdf format and save it on his computer.&#x20;


# 11.1 Orthomosaic

**Orthomosaic:** Orthomosaic map will be downloaded in the form of .tiff format on which the user can perform various functions such as measurement of area and distance, setting marker, etc.

<figure><img src="/files/9DqPJ9efoEIZEAvXM6c3" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# 11.2 NDVI

* **NDVI**: On selection of this option, the NDVI report will be downloaded on your system in .png format. The user can open this NDVI image which will be appearing as shown in the following image. This image shows the plant health in terms of NDVI index as shown.

<figure><img src="/files/d2ziXPF7Fz7TrEwyPvIW" alt=""><figcaption><p>NDVI Report</p></figcaption></figure>


# 11.3 DSM and DTM

* **DSM:** DSM file will be downloaded in the .tiff file format which shows the surface model. These types of files are useful for identifying the levels of the ground or land. These models include the natural and artificial structures on the land.

<figure><img src="/files/eWDDdwg6Eo98PnJtoskd" alt=""><figcaption><p>DSM Report</p></figcaption></figure>

* **DTM:** DTM models contain natural landscape elements like rivers and ridges as vector features which can be downloaded by using the DTM report from download assets.

<figure><img src="/files/PEcEAba47jFhWEz3fzeo" alt=""><figcaption><p>DTM Report</p></figcaption></figure>


# 11.4 Main Report

This report will display the details of the map, DSM, DTM, and Ortho images. It also displays the name of a project, the name of a plan and name of the user.  &#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/weeeE4hdSDECoLsyA2dO" alt=""><figcaption><p>Main Report</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/N1iXDI3uFDhxLqSS4yuw" alt=""><figcaption><p>DTM from Main Report</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/AmLUnMpNocof0Tb24Ddk" alt=""><figcaption><p>DSM from Main Report</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/lmNDXwAg7G45e4I0kv8O" alt=""><figcaption><p>Ortho from Main Report</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/KPxZNV7ywfCjr7FYxB1A" alt=""><figcaption><p>Edit the details of Main Report</p></figcaption></figure>

The user may change the name of project and plan as shown in the above image. Click on the pen symbol to edit the name of a project and plan. After changing the name of a project and plan save it by clicking on the symbol to save it.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/CTCKAJKVf8D6GsPgDrbo" alt=""><figcaption><p>Download Report</p></figcaption></figure>

The user can download the report by clicking on the "Download" button. The user can save the report in the .pdf format.


# 11.5 Plant Health Report

Plant Health Report will be generated after applying the NDVI or any other similar algorithm on the orthomosaic map.&#x20;

* To apply the algorithm, select the "Plant Health" button from the bottom bar and then apply the required algorithm to apply.&#x20;
* Click on the "Add To Report" option from the right-hand side of the screen as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/RRKy6NZPvcWMBhKGO7DD" alt=""><figcaption><p>Plant Health </p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/hqFwIJ4UI73hzrUC58uX" alt=""><figcaption><p>Plant Health Report</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/3CgzPhjlJUvXaldO4Jix" alt=""><figcaption><p>Plant Health Report</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/21r4qB8kHzKKGu5kzwuU" alt=""><figcaption><p>Plant Health report</p></figcaption></figure>

The user can download this report by clicking on the "Download" button. The same report can be saved as .pdf file on his system.

<figure><img src="/files/Ed1WJn7UrxEBbWX9AAr2" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# 11.6 Measurement Report

The measurement report will be generated only after the marking of length, and area by using polylines and polygons tools. The areas marked by polylines, polygons needs to be added to report with the option available on the map. The report will display all the details of the measurements marked on ortho maps.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/jn90IVkOXcl6ZKejozUC" alt=""><figcaption><p>Measurement Report</p></figcaption></figure>

Distance, elevation and slope of polyline will be displayed in the report whereas 2D, 3D area and perimeter are calculated and displayed in the measurement report. All these measurements are useful for further processes which are readily available. These measurements are accurate with the actual values.

Measurement report consists of the measurements associated with the areas marked on the orthomosaic maps with various tools such as polyline, polygon, etc.&#x20;

The name of a plan, user can be edited by using the editing tool available on the report if required.


# 11.7 Comparison Analysis Report

This report will be generated based on the measurements done on the orthomosaic map.&#x20;

The report includes the measurements of the polygon, polyline, area used to calculate the respective parameters. After selecting these tools to measure area, it should be added to the report by using the provision available on the screen as shown and then only it will be reflected in the comparison analysis report.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/UqCUjvlScJRcV9JOKsp1" alt=""><figcaption><p>Add to Compare</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/oc7VfC0oRBVK0RToyAwx" alt=""><figcaption><p>Comparison Analysis Report</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/uTDOxrITREOM579Y73Nw" alt=""><figcaption><p>Comparison Analysis Report</p></figcaption></figure>

The user can download this report in pdf format and save it on his computer.&#x20;


# 11. 8 3D Files ZIP

Using this option, the user will be able to download the 3D files required. The downloaded files will be saved in the local computer's folder.  Also, this report supports the information related to geographic data. The textured view and 3D model of the selected area will be downloaded which will be helpful for further process as shown.

<figure><img src="/files/8CMbPpGjodeJ29TD8QZE" alt=""><figcaption><p>Textured View</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/BZ3S0MOLSOc7PU3tOTxX" alt=""><figcaption><p>3D Model</p></figcaption></figure>

These files are stored on the local computer so that the user may use it for further process or for taking the decisions as per the situation on the field.&#x20;

3D textured geo model will also be available in the same folder which can be used to observe the model with various view options as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/mnyT4v7ddYjCyRav2lGo" alt=""><figcaption><p>3D Textured Model Geo</p></figcaption></figure>

The view options can be changed from the 3D viewer options to get the idea of the area.


# 11. 9 LAZ File

LAZ files will be downloaded on the local computer which can be utilized for further decisions and actions to be taken.&#x20;

The data and files related to the point cloud will be provided in this report.&#x20;


# 12. Create Mission Plan

DroneNaksha support for a new feature of creating a mission plan.&#x20;

Aerial images will be processed and used for various decision-making processes.&#x20;

Aerial images captured by a drone are used for processing and analysis. These images are widely used in agriculture, construction, power industry, etc. DroneNaksha is very useful in the agriculture industry to check and monitor plant health on the field.&#x20;

Plant health algorithms are applied to the orthomosaic image. The plant health algorithm will generate an index from which it is decided to provide fertilizers, pesticides, and water to the affected crop.

Now, this feature will be helpful. The user will be able to create a mission plan for spraying, survey, and waypoint here. Select the appropriate mission plan and select the location where to plot a mission a plan as shown.

1. Open the orthomosaic image obtained.
2. Select "Create Mission Plan" tool to create a mission plan.

<figure><img src="/files/d5YEPfiNsb9lQEJreb0Z" alt=""><figcaption><p>Select Create Mission Plan Option</p></figcaption></figure>

3. Select a Location for creating a mission plan.

<figure><img src="/files/X7AvzWeMY7Zu4Pc1sWE8" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

4. Select the appropriate option from the bottom menu as shown below.

<figure><img src="/files/CkPjg2tVuVrOUUDEQFJT" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

5. Add the details of a plan such as the name of a plan and proceed for next procedure.

<figure><img src="/files/FG8Ly8kI1FxcDksUrjHu" alt=""><figcaption><p>Add plan Details</p></figcaption></figure>

6. Select the type of flight for the mission according to the requirement of an application.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/pBFJpp4i1cr1XfWjoUTA" alt=""><figcaption><p>Select a type of Flight</p></figcaption></figure>

7. Set the parameters required such as altitude and speed.

<figure><img src="/files/6zrSVNvtzFJqpiXUGQeG" alt=""><figcaption><p>Set Parameters</p></figcaption></figure>

8. Mark the affected area by clicking on the map and save as a plot as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/UquPPLrwTs4lZ74c0JMF" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/jBkjsE44WGvylbNre49m" alt=""><figcaption><p>Save a Plot</p></figcaption></figure>

9. Create a plan by selecting "Create Plan" button.

   <figure><img src="/files/HMz4RUYRPEVdLBnp1XMU" alt=""><figcaption><p>Create a plan</p></figcaption></figure>

   <figure><img src="/files/kuCZGsKQ4Sb0HjiG6hIa" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

   This plan will be used in AeroGCS KEA by using cloud sync functionality and a flight of a drone will be established.

Thus DroneNaksha is used to provide solutions to the agriculture industry as well as for other industries.&#x20;


# 13. Import/ Upload files

The user can now import files from another source for processing in DroneNaksha.

This tool is available on the orthomosaic map generated by DroneNaksha as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/jNxPjK7vxMe6I9OejLmU" alt=""><figcaption><p>Import Files</p></figcaption></figure>

After selecting the "Import Files" option, the new window will appear on the screen as shown below. Select the required file from the options available such as Shape file, KML file and CAD file.

<figure><img src="/files/TdxdBTX2ysfvxbcUdRw9" alt=""><figcaption><p>Selection of Files</p></figcaption></figure>

Click on the upload button available. The user can select the appropriate file from his system to upload the file and use it in DroneNaksha.


# 14. Settings

This section will describe about the settings required.

'Settings' and 'Logout' options are available on the right-hand side, by clicking on the profile image as shown below:

![Settings](/files/wBmdJGiPNv7ViV7zmwXW)

After selecting the 'Settings' option you are allowed to alter the settings related to 'profile', 'subscription', 'change password', and 'invoices'.

![Settings options](/files/0Il3wFmVn75gILABzuxw)

### 7.1 Profile

On the profile page, you are allowed to set the Editor's profile. Select the 'Edit' button to edit the changes in the profile. The email address field is disabled. Save the information by clicking on the ‘Save’ button. Clicking on the ‘Cancel’ button page will redirect to ‘Profile’ without saving the modifications done.&#x20;

![Profile Settings](/files/UAiRHFi3nosDPU8VyF26)

### **7.2 Subscriptions**

Details and status regarding your subscriptions are displayed in this section.&#x20;

* **Your Plan** will be displayed with the plan name.
* Monthly or yearly **Billing** plans will be displayed under the billing column.
* The **service** column gives the details of services availed by you.
* **Status –** status will be shown as active/inactive.
* **Expires On –** expiry date will be shown for the respective plan.

![Subscription Details](/files/SEybguGLippJMjMpkqu4)

**Modify** – by clicking on the 'modify' button a popup of ‘If you want to modify, the existing active subscription will be cancelled, would You like to continue ?’ will be displayed. This will be helpful to&#x20;

* modify the plan,&#x20;
* cancel the plan,
* continue with the same plan.&#x20;

![Modify the Plan](/files/RZNEI7zRwlQrMUYvbfTD)

By clicking on the 'Yes' button, your existing active subscription will get cancelled. By clicking on the ‘No’ button a popup window will get closed with no changes in the active subscription plan.

If the subscription is not cancelled then it will show a message of  “your subscription was not cancelled, please contact us at <support@aeromegh.com> and we will help you with necessary acta ions, redirecting to buy a new plan.”

![Subscription not Cancelled](/files/ykicT1nWGo98CgiVFICr)

You can choose your monthly or yearly plans.

![Monthly or yearly Plans](/files/QNC99PdvO4WWHliCXcCQ)

By clicking on the buy now page will redirect to the payment screen.

![](/files/o8X2iJPaSTGn0Et85LwQ)

You can cancel the subscription by clicking on the 'Cancel' button. Before the cancellation of the subscription, the confirmation popup window will be displayed.&#x20;

### **7.3 Invoices**

Details of the invoices are displayed such as:

**Invoice number –** will include created invoice number

**Product –** will include product name

**Amount –** will include yearly/monthly subscribed amount

**Date & time –** will include created invoice date & time

**Status –** will show status as a active /inactive&#x20;

![Invoices](/files/tEc92QnzOTaX5l6vGZys)

### **7.4 Change Password**

You can change your password by entering data in the ‘current password’ field then ‘new password’ field and then the ‘confirm password’ fiel&#x64;**.**

![Change Password](/files/JM7hyWFVEbYAFolszvRV)


# 14.1 Profile Settings

On the profile page, you are allowed to set the Editor's profile. Select the 'Edit' button to edit the changes in the profile. The email address field is disabled. Save the information by clicking on the ‘Save’ button. Clicking on the ‘Cancel’ button page will redirect to ‘Profile’ without saving the modifications done.&#x20;

![Profile Settings](/files/UAiRHFi3nosDPU8VyF26)


# 14.2 Subscriptions

Details and status regarding your subscriptions are displayed in this section.&#x20;

* **Your Plan** will be displayed with the plan name.
* Monthly or yearly **Billing** plans will be displayed under the billing column.
* The **service** column gives the details of services availed by you.
* **Status –** status will be shown as active/inactive.
* **Expires On –** expiry date will be shown for the respective plan.

![Subscription Details](/files/SEybguGLippJMjMpkqu4)

**Modify** – by clicking on the 'modify' button a popup of ‘If you want to modify, the existing active subscription will be cancelled, would You like to continue ?’ will be displayed. This will be helpful to&#x20;

* modify the plan,&#x20;
* cancel the plan,
* continue with the same plan.&#x20;

![Modify the Plan](/files/RZNEI7zRwlQrMUYvbfTD)

By clicking on the 'Yes' button, your existing active subscription will get cancelled. By clicking on the ‘No’ button a popup window will get closed with no changes in the active subscription plan.

If the subscription is not cancelled then it will show a message of  “your subscription was not cancelled, please contact us at <support@aeromegh.com> and we will help you with necessary acta ions, redirecting to buy a new plan.”

![Subscription not Cancelled](/files/ykicT1nWGo98CgiVFICr)

You can choose your monthly or yearly plans.

![Monthly or yearly Plans](/files/QNC99PdvO4WWHliCXcCQ)

By clicking on the buy now page will redirect to the payment screen.

![](/files/o8X2iJPaSTGn0Et85LwQ)

You can cancel the subscription by clicking on the 'Cancel' button. Before the cancellation of the subscription, the confirmation popup window will be displayed.&#x20;


# 14.3 Invoices

Details of the invoices are displayed such as:

**Invoice number –** will include created invoice number

**Product –** will include product name

**Amount –** will include yearly/monthly subscribed amount

**Date & time –** will include created invoice date & time

**Status –** will show status as a active /inactive&#x20;

![Invoices](/files/tEc92QnzOTaX5l6vGZys)


# 14.4 Change Password

You can change your password by entering data in the ‘current password’ field then ‘new password’ field and then the ‘confirm password’ fiel&#x64;**.**

![Change Password](/files/JM7hyWFVEbYAFolszvRV)

It is recommended to change the password at a certain periodic time.


# 15. Teams Management

Collaborating with the team members is a better solution to get the task done with ease and better efficiency in lesser time and with less memory.

To use this feature in DroneNaksha, the user has to use the "Teams" feature of AeroMegh Services. Through this functionality, an invitation will be sent to the concerned user. That concerned user has to accept this invitation by opening his email inbox and clicking on the link to signup and login to the account.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/Ypkft9hzSXxBR9qWi73H" alt=""><figcaption><p>Teams Feature</p></figcaption></figure>

The user may assign a role to the team member which will be restricting the use of imagesets, maps, etc. This will provide security to the original data. The user can assign the roles such as Manager, Guest, Operator, and Viewer. Based on the requirement or involvement of the concerned member in the project, the roles can be assigned.&#x20;

After logging in to the account, now the team member will be able to use the task for his purposes as shown in the following image.

<figure><img src="/files/tk5FfeYZiK7YG72sUNF1" alt=""><figcaption><p>Shared Orthomosaic Map with a Team Member </p></figcaption></figure>

Some of the functionalities may not be available to a team member based on the role assigned. The user may change the role of a team member as per the requirements.

<figure><img src="/files/lzypzsh5aJQS8S7325sR" alt=""><figcaption><p>Role Changed while sharing the Orthomosaic Map</p></figcaption></figure>

If a team member is having access to the shared file as a viewer, then he is able to view the details only. He is not able to perform any other operations on the shared file.

Teams can be managed through the planner. The task can be assigned to the concerned assignee with priority. The assignee will be able to see the details of a task. After completing the task, the status of a task can be changed to "Completed" which will be reflected on the dashboard in planner section.

<figure><img src="/files/UFeoUtLhj943k91BUjHQ" alt=""><figcaption><p>Task Shared through Planner</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/Jss8vsfL4toRdIYYHic3" alt=""><figcaption><p>Task Details</p></figcaption></figure>

The assignee may view the task by clicking on the  "View Task" button. The assignee will be able to view the details of the task.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/uiH6lME2LXE7fGzgEJPY" alt=""><figcaption><p>View Task</p></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/9cCOOohu1QSB42xiyaUQ" alt=""><figcaption><p>Status of Task</p></figcaption></figure>

After successful completion of a task, change the status of a task to "Completed" which will be reflected in the dashboard of user's DroneNaksha as shown.

<figure><img src="/files/ZYN3guFP9KdWfyPNZoLX" alt=""><figcaption><p>Completed Task Displayed in Blue color  </p></figcaption></figure>


# 16. Ground Control Points (GCPs)

Ground control points (or GCPs) are the points on the ground whose coordinates are known in the area of interest. Their coordinates were collected from other sources or measured using typical surveying methods (LiDAR, older maps of the area, Web Map Service). GCPs are points that a surveyor can precisely pinpoint in an aerial mapping survey, allowing enormous areas to be accurately mapped with just a few known coordinates. GCPs can also be utilized as checkpoints to ensure the accuracy of the results.

GCP can be anything that can be easily identifiable normally with high contrast colors.  GCPs can be added manually or through the software also. If the GCPs are manually located then they should be large enough to be identified from your particular flight altitude.&#x20;

Aerial Photogrammetry as well as surveying and mapping professionals require precision and accuracy. GCPs are supporting for providing better accuracy for image processing.&#x20;

If GCP points are absent then there is no information about scale, orientation, or absolute position in the final results. As a result, they can't be used for measuring, overlaying, or comparing to earlier results. The shape of the surveyed region may not be preserved by the 3D reconstruction.

GCPs improve a project's absolute accuracy by precisely positioning the model on the Earth. They have reduced the GPS shift from meters to centimeters.

The GCPs should be distributed uniformly throughout the study region. It is also suggested that one GCP be placed in the center of the region to improve the overall quality of the restoration. It is advised that at least 5 GCPs be used, each of which is detected in 5 images, as this reduces measurement inaccuracies and aids in the detection of faults made when inserting the GCPs.

Place the GCPs away from the marginal areas in such a way that they will be visible in more number of images.

{% hint style="warning" %}
**Note:** GCPs are Highly Recommended for processing the images without the geolocations. &#x20;
{% endhint %}

DroneNaksha provides this facility on the dashboard. Click on the dots in the right upper corner. Select the **Manage GCP** option as shown below.&#x20;

![Manage GCP](/files/pkOzXMQA5prhIdg5EzuI)

All the images available in the required area will be highlighted in blue circles. These blue circles are the center points of these images. These images are captured by a drone. The number of images captured may be very large up to 200 or sometimes more than that also.&#x20;

![GCP List with center points of imagesthe ](/files/JrR5eHDLDyR4jbRTiFKb)

The user can import '.csv'  file to add the GCP points to the image.&#x20;

![Importing .csv files of GCP Points](/files/2C3pdbAzFX672xe1Vj8v)

The GCP points can be marked manually on the map. When a GCP point has located, a circle with 100 meters radius will be considered by default as shown. All the images encircled by this radius will now be turned into red-colored dots. GCP Point will be marked with a white dot. You can increase or decrease the radius according to your requirements.

![GCP Point added](/files/GVKG3AYYimH9xHMXpE8k)

After adding GCP to orthomosaic image you will get a very good and accurate image as shown.&#x20;

![Image after GCP Point added](/files/rqsZENSalju8GwGTpCMY)